Benchmarks

Performance of Terrarium.jl across architectures and resolutions. This page is generated at documentation-build time from benchmark/assets/benchmark_results.json, which is updated by benchmark/manual_benchmarking.jl. Running the benchmark on another architecture adds a series to each figure, a column to the overview table, and a section to the bottom of this page.

Every configuration runs for a fixed number of time steps without output. Initialization and - under Reactant - XLA compilation happen before the clock starts and are reported separately; the timed section covers only the stepping loop. A run is timed once and takes a few seconds, so treat the numbers as indicative: ±20% between repetitions is normal.

The benchmark grids are full Gaussian grids in which every point is an active land column (i.e. a. rock planet configuration), so a real land–sea mask at the same resolution has roughly a third as many columns. The model configurations themselves are defined in benchmark/model_configurations.jl.

Scaling with resolution

land scaling across architectures

land_no_vegetation scaling across architectures

soil_heat scaling across architectures

Overview: SYPD across architectures

Simulated years per wallclock day for each configuration and resolution. — means the architecture has not been benchmarked yet, skipped that resolution, or could not run that configuration; the per-architecture sections below say which.

Configuration	Columns	cpu-x86	gpu-nvidia	reactant-cpu	reactant-gpu
`land`	128	273	316	—	—
`land`	512	76	316	—	—
`land`	2048	19	242	—	—
`land`	4608	3.35	189	—	—
`land`	8192	4.86	142	—	—
`land`	18432	2.18	85	—	—
`land`	41472	0.96	44	—	—
`land`	73728	0.54	38	—	—
`land`	165888	0.24	38	—	—
`land_no_vegetation`	128	304	1435	—	—
`land_no_vegetation`	512	80	1429	—	—
`land_no_vegetation`	2048	20	984	—	—
`land_no_vegetation`	4608	8.81	602	—	—
`land_no_vegetation`	8192	4.99	426	—	—
`land_no_vegetation`	18432	2.23	89	—	—
`land_no_vegetation`	41472	1.01	115	—	—
`land_no_vegetation`	73728	0.56	94	—	—
`land_no_vegetation`	165888	0.25	99	—	—
`soil_heat`	128	578	12048	84969	110785
`soil_heat`	512	148	11593	11925	111800
`soil_heat`	2048	37	6419	6839	94046
`soil_heat`	4608	17	18447	1506	64078
`soil_heat`	8192	9.26	3467	862	41518
`soil_heat`	18432	4.12	1715	443	20687
`soil_heat`	41472	1.82	392	152	9516
`soil_heat`	73728	1.02	644	85	8047
`soil_heat`	165888	0.46	596	42	4342

Architecture: `cpu-x86`

Created for Terrarium.jl v0.1.4 on Sun, 09 Aug 2026 20:35:28 in default mode (1x time steps, 1 thread(s)).

Machine details — cpu-x86

julia> versioninfo()
Julia Version 1.12.2
Commit ca9b6662be4 (2025-11-20 16:25 UTC)
Build Info:
  Official https://julialang.org release
Platform Info:
  OS: Linux (x86_64-linux-gnu)
  CPU: 128 × AMD EPYC 9554 64-Core Processor
  WORD_SIZE: 64
  LLVM: libLLVM-18.1.7 (ORCJIT, znver4)
  GC: Built with stock GC
Threads: 1 default, 1 interactive, 1 GC (on 128 virtual cores)
Environment:
  LD_LIBRARY_PATH = /usr/local/lib:/usr/local/lib:

Model configurations, default resolution — cpu-x86

Configuration	Res	Columns	Δt	Steps	SYPD	ms/step	Mcell-steps/s	Memory
land	3.75°	4608	600	217	3.49	471	0.293	6.86 MiB
landnovegetation	3.75°	4608	600	217	9.37	175	0.789	5.76 MiB
soil_heat	3.75°	4608	600	217	17	96.1	1.44	3.85 MiB

Land model, horizontal resolution — cpu-x86

Configuration	Res	Columns	Δt	Steps	SYPD	ms/step	Mcell-steps/s	Memory
land	22.50°	128	600	2000	273	6.01	0.639	204.14 KiB
land	11.25°	512	600	1953	76	21.5	0.715	789.14 KiB
land	5.62°	2048	600	488	19	85.9	0.715	3.06 MiB
land	3.75°	4608	600	217	3.35	490	0.282	6.86 MiB
land	2.81°	8192	600	122	4.86	338	0.728	12.20 MiB
land	1.88°	18432	600	54	2.18	755	0.733	27.43 MiB
land	1.25°	41472	600	24	0.96	1710	0.728	61.71 MiB
land	0.94°	73728	600	20	0.54	3030	0.73	109.70 MiB
land	0.62°	165888	600	20	0.24	6880	0.724	246.81 MiB

Land model without vegetation, horizontal resolution — cpu-x86

Configuration	Res	Columns	Δt	Steps	SYPD	ms/step	Mcell-steps/s	Memory
landnovegetation	22.50°	128	600	2000	304	5.4	0.711	171.16 KiB
landnovegetation	11.25°	512	600	1953	80	20.6	0.747	661.66 KiB
landnovegetation	5.62°	2048	600	488	20	82.7	0.743	2.56 MiB
landnovegetation	3.75°	4608	600	217	8.81	186	0.742	5.76 MiB
landnovegetation	2.81°	8192	600	122	4.99	329	0.746	10.23 MiB
landnovegetation	1.88°	18432	600	54	2.23	738	0.749	23.00 MiB
landnovegetation	1.25°	41472	600	24	1.01	1630	0.764	51.74 MiB
landnovegetation	0.94°	73728	600	20	0.56	2910	0.76	91.98 MiB
landnovegetation	0.62°	165888	600	20	0.25	6560	0.758	206.94 MiB

Soil heat conduction, horizontal resolution — cpu-x86

Configuration	Res	Columns	Δt	Steps	SYPD	ms/step	Mcell-steps/s	Memory
soil_heat	22.50°	128	600	2000	578	2.84	1.35	114.63 KiB
soil_heat	11.25°	512	600	1953	148	11.1	1.39	443.13 KiB
soil_heat	5.62°	2048	600	488	37	44.4	1.38	1.72 MiB
soil_heat	3.75°	4608	600	217	17	99.4	1.39	3.85 MiB
soil_heat	2.81°	8192	600	122	9.26	177	1.39	6.85 MiB
soil_heat	1.88°	18432	600	54	4.12	399	1.39	15.40 MiB
soil_heat	1.25°	41472	600	24	1.82	903	1.38	34.65 MiB
soil_heat	0.94°	73728	600	20	1.02	1610	1.38	61.60 MiB
soil_heat	0.62°	165888	600	20	0.46	3560	1.4	138.59 MiB

Number of soil layers — cpu-x86

Configuration	Res	Columns	L	Δt	Steps	SYPD	ms/step	Mcell-steps/s	Memory
land	3.75°	4608	10	600	651	22	74.8	0.616	3.70 MiB
land	3.75°	4608	20	600	326	12	138	0.67	5.28 MiB
land	3.75°	4608	30	600	217	8.2	200	0.69	6.86 MiB
land	3.75°	4608	60	600	109	4.23	388	0.713	11.62 MiB
land	3.75°	4608	100	600	65	2.63	626	0.737	17.95 MiB

Number format, Float32 vs Float64 — cpu-x86

Configuration	NF	Res	Columns	Δt	Steps	SYPD	ms/step	Mcell-steps/s	Memory
land	Float32	3.75°	4608	600	217	3.13	524	0.264	6.86 MiB
land	Float64	3.75°	4608	600	217	6.7	245	0.564	13.73 MiB

Time stepper — cpu-x86

Configuration	Variant	Res	Columns	Δt	Steps	SYPD	ms/step	Mcell-steps/s	Memory
land	ForwardEuler	3.75°	4608	600	217	8.04	204	0.676	6.86 MiB
land	Heun	3.75°	4608	600	217	4.14	396	0.349	6.86 MiB

Architecture: `gpu-nvidia`

Created for Terrarium.jl v0.1.4 on Sun, 09 Aug 2026 20:02:07 in default mode (1x time steps, 1 thread(s)).

Machine details — gpu-nvidia

julia> versioninfo()
Julia Version 1.12.2
Commit ca9b6662be4 (2025-11-20 16:25 UTC)
Build Info:
  Official https://julialang.org release
Platform Info:
  OS: Linux (x86_64-linux-gnu)
  CPU: 128 × AMD EPYC 9554 64-Core Processor
  WORD_SIZE: 64
  LLVM: libLLVM-18.1.7 (ORCJIT, znver4)
  GC: Built with stock GC
Threads: 1 default, 1 interactive, 1 GC (on 128 virtual cores)
Environment:
  LD_LIBRARY_PATH = /usr/local/lib:/usr/local/lib:

julia> CUDA.versioninfo()
CUDA toolchain: 
- runtime 13.3.0, artifact installation
- driver 580.126.9 for 13.3
- compiler 13.3.33, artifact installation

CUDA libraries: 
- cuBLAS: 13.6.0
- cuSPARSE: 12.8.2
- cuSOLVER: 12.2.6
- cuFFT: 12.3.0
- cuRAND: 10.4.3
- CUPTI: 2026.2.1 (API 13.3.1)
- NVML: 13.0.0+580.126.9

Julia packages: 
- CUDACore: 6.2.1
- GPUArrays: 11.5.9
- GPUCompiler: 1.23.0
- KernelAbstractions: 0.9.42
- CUDA_Driver_jll: 13.3.0+1
- CUDA_Compiler_jll: 0.4.4+1
- CUDA_Runtime_jll: 0.23.0+1
- NVPTX_LLVM_Backend_jll: 22.1.7+1

Toolchain:
- Julia: 1.12.2
- LLVM: 18.1.7

1 device:
  0: NVIDIA H100 80GB HBM3 (sm_90, 77.995 GiB / 79.647 GiB available)
     compiles to sm_90a / PTX 9.3 (LLVM: sm_90a / PTX 9.0)

Model configurations, default resolution — gpu-nvidia

Configuration	Res	Columns	Δt	Steps	SYPD	ms/step	Mcell-steps/s	Memory
land	3.75°	4608	600	217	156	10.5	13.1	6.86 MiB
landnovegetation	3.75°	4608	600	217	676	2.43	56.9	5.76 MiB
soil_heat	3.75°	4608	600	217	3683	0.446	310	3.85 MiB

Land model, horizontal resolution — gpu-nvidia

Configuration	Res	Columns	Δt	Steps	SYPD	ms/step	Mcell-steps/s	Memory
land	22.50°	128	600	2000	316	5.19	0.739	204.14 KiB
land	11.25°	512	600	1953	316	5.2	2.95	789.14 KiB
land	5.62°	2048	600	488	242	6.78	9.07	3.06 MiB
land	3.75°	4608	600	217	189	8.7	15.9	6.86 MiB
land	2.81°	8192	600	122	142	11.6	21.2	12.20 MiB
land	1.88°	18432	600	54	85	19.2	28.8	27.43 MiB
land	1.25°	41472	600	24	44	37.5	33.2	61.71 MiB
land	0.94°	73728	600	20	38	43	51.5	109.70 MiB
land	0.62°	165888	600	20	38	43.1	115	246.81 MiB

Land model without vegetation, horizontal resolution — gpu-nvidia

Configuration	Res	Columns	Δt	Steps	SYPD	ms/step	Mcell-steps/s	Memory
landnovegetation	22.50°	128	600	2000	1435	1.14	3.35	171.16 KiB
landnovegetation	11.25°	512	600	1953	1429	1.15	13.4	661.66 KiB
landnovegetation	5.62°	2048	600	488	984	1.67	36.8	2.56 MiB
landnovegetation	3.75°	4608	600	217	602	2.73	50.7	5.76 MiB
landnovegetation	2.81°	8192	600	122	426	3.85	63.8	10.23 MiB
landnovegetation	1.88°	18432	600	54	89	18.4	30	23.00 MiB
landnovegetation	1.25°	41472	600	24	115	14.3	86.9	51.74 MiB
landnovegetation	0.94°	73728	600	20	94	17.4	127	91.98 MiB
landnovegetation	0.62°	165888	600	20	99	16.7	299	206.94 MiB

Soil heat conduction, horizontal resolution — gpu-nvidia

Configuration	Res	Columns	Δt	Steps	SYPD	ms/step	Mcell-steps/s	Memory
soil_heat	22.50°	128	600	2000	12048	0.136	28.2	114.63 KiB
soil_heat	11.25°	512	600	1953	11593	0.142	108	443.13 KiB
soil_heat	5.62°	2048	600	488	6419	0.256	240	1.72 MiB
soil_heat	3.75°	4608	600	217	18447	0.0891	1550	3.85 MiB
soil_heat	2.81°	8192	600	122	3467	0.474	519	6.85 MiB
soil_heat	1.88°	18432	600	54	1715	0.958	577	15.40 MiB
soil_heat	1.25°	41472	600	24	392	4.19	297	34.65 MiB
soil_heat	0.94°	73728	600	20	644	2.55	867	61.60 MiB
soil_heat	0.62°	165888	600	20	596	2.76	1810	138.59 MiB

Number of soil layers — gpu-nvidia

Configuration	Res	Columns	L	Δt	Steps	SYPD	ms/step	Mcell-steps/s	Memory
land	3.75°	4608	10	600	651	268	6.13	7.52	3.70 MiB
land	3.75°	4608	20	600	326	222	7.41	12.4	5.28 MiB
land	3.75°	4608	30	600	217	190	8.64	16	6.86 MiB
land	3.75°	4608	60	600	109	79	20.8	13.3	11.62 MiB
land	3.75°	4608	100	600	65	96	17.2	26.8	17.95 MiB

Number format, Float32 vs Float64 — gpu-nvidia

Configuration	NF	Res	Columns	Δt	Steps	SYPD	ms/step	Mcell-steps/s	Memory
land	Float32	3.75°	4608	600	217	169	9.7	14.2	6.86 MiB
land	Float64	3.75°	4608	600	217	169	9.7	14.3	13.73 MiB

Time stepper — gpu-nvidia

Configuration	Variant	Res	Columns	Δt	Steps	SYPD	ms/step	Mcell-steps/s	Memory
land	ForwardEuler	3.75°	4608	600	217	302	5.43	25.4	6.86 MiB
land	Heun	3.75°	4608	600	217	97	17	8.12	6.86 MiB

Architecture: `reactant-cpu`

Created for Terrarium.jl v0.1.4 on Sun, 09 Aug 2026 20:12:54 in default mode (1x time steps, 1 thread(s)).

Machine details — reactant-cpu

julia> versioninfo()
Julia Version 1.12.2
Commit ca9b6662be4 (2025-11-20 16:25 UTC)
Build Info:
  Official https://julialang.org release
Platform Info:
  OS: Linux (x86_64-linux-gnu)
  CPU: 128 × AMD EPYC 9554 64-Core Processor
  WORD_SIZE: 64
  LLVM: libLLVM-18.1.7 (ORCJIT, znver4)
  GC: Built with stock GC
Threads: 1 default, 1 interactive, 1 GC (on 128 virtual cores)
Environment:
  LD_LIBRARY_PATH = /usr/local/lib:/usr/local/lib:

Reactant backend: cpu (selected with Reactant.set_default_backend("cpu")).

Model configurations, default resolution — reactant-cpu

Configuration	Res	Columns	Δt	Steps	SYPD	ms/step	Mcell-steps/s	Memory	Compile	Status
land	3.75°	4608	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: MethodError
landnovegetation	3.75°	4608	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: ErrorException
soil_heat	3.75°	4608	600	217	1484	1.11	125	3.85 MiB	31.6 s	ok

Land model, horizontal resolution — reactant-cpu

Configuration	Res	Columns	Δt	Steps	SYPD	ms/step	Mcell-steps/s	Memory	Status
land	22.50°	128	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: MethodError
land	11.25°	512	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: MethodError
land	5.62°	2048	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: MethodError
land	3.75°	4608	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: MethodError
land	2.81°	8192	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: ErrorException
land	1.88°	18432	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: ErrorException
land	1.25°	41472	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: ErrorException
land	0.94°	73728	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: ErrorException
land	0.62°	165888	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: ErrorException

Land model without vegetation, horizontal resolution — reactant-cpu

Configuration	Res	Columns	Δt	Steps	SYPD	ms/step	Mcell-steps/s	Memory	Status
landnovegetation	22.50°	128	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: ErrorException
landnovegetation	11.25°	512	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: ErrorException
landnovegetation	5.62°	2048	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: ErrorException
landnovegetation	3.75°	4608	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: ErrorException
landnovegetation	2.81°	8192	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: ErrorException
landnovegetation	1.88°	18432	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: ErrorException
landnovegetation	1.25°	41472	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: ErrorException
landnovegetation	0.94°	73728	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: ErrorException
landnovegetation	0.62°	165888	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: ErrorException

Soil heat conduction, horizontal resolution — reactant-cpu

Configuration	Res	Columns	Δt	Steps	SYPD	ms/step	Mcell-steps/s	Memory	Compile
soil_heat	22.50°	128	600	2000	84969	0.0193	199	114.63 KiB	14.6 s
soil_heat	11.25°	512	600	1953	11925	0.138	112	443.13 KiB	14.6 s
soil_heat	5.62°	2048	600	488	6839	0.24	256	1.72 MiB	14.7 s
soil_heat	3.75°	4608	600	217	1506	1.09	127	3.85 MiB	1.1 s
soil_heat	2.81°	8192	600	122	862	1.9	129	6.85 MiB	15.0 s
soil_heat	1.88°	18432	600	54	443	3.71	149	15.40 MiB	15.7 s
soil_heat	1.25°	41472	600	24	152	10.8	115	34.65 MiB	16.7 s
soil_heat	0.94°	73728	600	20	85	19.3	114	61.60 MiB	18.4 s
soil_heat	0.62°	165888	600	20	42	39.5	126	138.59 MiB	23.2 s

Number of soil layers — reactant-cpu

Configuration	Res	Columns	L	Δt	Steps	SYPD	ms/step	Mcell-steps/s	Memory	Status
land	3.75°	4608	10	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: MethodError
land	3.75°	4608	20	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: MethodError
land	3.75°	4608	30	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: MethodError
land	3.75°	4608	60	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: MethodError
land	3.75°	4608	100	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: MethodError

Number format, Float32 vs Float64 — reactant-cpu

Configuration	NF	Res	Columns	Δt	Steps	SYPD	ms/step	Mcell-steps/s	Memory	Status
land	Float32	3.75°	4608	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: MethodError
land	Float64	3.75°	4608	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: MethodError

Time stepper — reactant-cpu

Configuration	Variant	Res	Columns	Δt	Steps	SYPD	ms/step	Mcell-steps/s	Memory	Status
land	ForwardEuler	3.75°	4608	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: MethodError
land	Heun	3.75°	4608	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: MethodError

Architecture: `reactant-gpu`

Created for Terrarium.jl v0.1.4 on Sun, 09 Aug 2026 20:11:03 in default mode (1x time steps, 1 thread(s)).

Machine details — reactant-gpu

julia> versioninfo()
Julia Version 1.12.2
Commit ca9b6662be4 (2025-11-20 16:25 UTC)
Build Info:
  Official https://julialang.org release
Platform Info:
  OS: Linux (x86_64-linux-gnu)
  CPU: 128 × AMD EPYC 9554 64-Core Processor
  WORD_SIZE: 64
  LLVM: libLLVM-18.1.7 (ORCJIT, znver4)
  GC: Built with stock GC
Threads: 1 default, 1 interactive, 1 GC (on 128 virtual cores)
Environment:
  LD_LIBRARY_PATH = /usr/local/lib:/usr/local/lib:

julia> CUDA.versioninfo()
CUDA toolchain: 
- runtime 13.3.0, artifact installation
- driver 580.126.9 for 13.3
- compiler 13.3.33, artifact installation

CUDA libraries: 
- cuBLAS: 13.6.0
- cuSPARSE: 12.8.2
- cuSOLVER: 12.2.6
- cuFFT: 12.3.0
- cuRAND: 10.4.3
- CUPTI: 2026.2.1 (API 13.3.1)
- NVML: 13.0.0+580.126.9

Julia packages: 
- CUDACore: 6.2.1
- GPUArrays: 11.5.9
- GPUCompiler: 1.23.0
- KernelAbstractions: 0.9.42
- CUDA_Driver_jll: 13.3.0+1
- CUDA_Compiler_jll: 0.4.4+1
- CUDA_Runtime_jll: 0.23.0+1
- NVPTX_LLVM_Backend_jll: 22.1.7+1

Toolchain:
- Julia: 1.12.2
- LLVM: 18.1.7

1 device:
  0: NVIDIA H100 80GB HBM3 (sm_90, 19.239 GiB / 79.647 GiB available)
     compiles to sm_90a / PTX 9.3 (LLVM: sm_90a / PTX 9.0)

Reactant backend: gpu (selected with Reactant.set_default_backend("gpu")).

Model configurations, default resolution — reactant-gpu

Configuration	Res	Columns	Δt	Steps	SYPD	ms/step	Mcell-steps/s	Memory	Compile	Status
land	3.75°	4608	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: MethodError
landnovegetation	3.75°	4608	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: ErrorException
soil_heat	3.75°	4608	600	217	65941	0.0249	5550	3.85 MiB	31.5 s	ok

Land model, horizontal resolution — reactant-gpu

Configuration	Res	Columns	Δt	Steps	SYPD	ms/step	Mcell-steps/s	Memory	Status
land	22.50°	128	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: MethodError
land	11.25°	512	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: MethodError
land	5.62°	2048	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: MethodError
land	3.75°	4608	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: MethodError
land	2.81°	8192	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: ErrorException
land	1.88°	18432	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: ErrorException
land	1.25°	41472	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: ErrorException
land	0.94°	73728	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: ErrorException
land	0.62°	165888	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: ErrorException

Land model without vegetation, horizontal resolution — reactant-gpu

Configuration	Res	Columns	Δt	Steps	SYPD	ms/step	Mcell-steps/s	Memory	Status
landnovegetation	22.50°	128	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: ErrorException
landnovegetation	11.25°	512	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: ErrorException
landnovegetation	5.62°	2048	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: ErrorException
landnovegetation	3.75°	4608	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: ErrorException
landnovegetation	2.81°	8192	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: ErrorException
landnovegetation	1.88°	18432	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: ErrorException
landnovegetation	1.25°	41472	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: ErrorException
landnovegetation	0.94°	73728	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: ErrorException
landnovegetation	0.62°	165888	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: ErrorException

Soil heat conduction, horizontal resolution — reactant-gpu

Configuration	Res	Columns	Δt	Steps	SYPD	ms/step	Mcell-steps/s	Memory	Compile
soil_heat	22.50°	128	600	2000	110785	0.0148	259	114.63 KiB	14.4 s
soil_heat	11.25°	512	600	1953	111800	0.0147	1050	443.13 KiB	14.4 s
soil_heat	5.62°	2048	600	488	94046	0.0175	3520	1.72 MiB	14.6 s
soil_heat	3.75°	4608	600	217	64078	0.0256	5390	3.85 MiB	1.1 s
soil_heat	2.81°	8192	600	122	41518	0.0396	6210	6.85 MiB	14.9 s
soil_heat	1.88°	18432	600	54	20687	0.0794	6960	15.40 MiB	15.5 s
soil_heat	1.25°	41472	600	24	9516	0.173	7210	34.65 MiB	16.6 s
soil_heat	0.94°	73728	600	20	8047	0.204	10800	61.60 MiB	18.4 s
soil_heat	0.62°	165888	600	20	4342	0.378	13200	138.59 MiB	23.1 s

Number of soil layers — reactant-gpu

Configuration	Res	Columns	L	Δt	Steps	SYPD	ms/step	Mcell-steps/s	Memory	Status
land	3.75°	4608	10	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: MethodError
land	3.75°	4608	20	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: MethodError
land	3.75°	4608	30	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: MethodError
land	3.75°	4608	60	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: MethodError
land	3.75°	4608	100	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: MethodError

Number format, Float32 vs Float64 — reactant-gpu

Configuration	NF	Res	Columns	Δt	Steps	SYPD	ms/step	Mcell-steps/s	Memory	Status
land	Float32	3.75°	4608	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: MethodError
land	Float64	3.75°	4608	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: MethodError

Time stepper — reactant-gpu

Configuration	Variant	Res	Columns	Δt	Steps	SYPD	ms/step	Mcell-steps/s	Memory	Status
land	ForwardEuler	3.75°	4608	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: MethodError
land	Heun	3.75°	4608	—	—	—	—	—	—	failed: MethodError